Which statement about human behavior would John B. Watson support?

• A. All behaviors are innate
• B. Behaviors are learned and reinforced by one's environment
• C. Behavior is heavily influenced by unconscious thoughts
• D. Biology plays no role in behavior

Answer: (B)

John B. Watson, a foundational figure in behaviorism, strongly advocated the idea that behaviors are primarily learned through interaction with the environment. He emphasized the importance of observable behavior rather than internal psychological processes or innate factors. Watson believed that environmental stimuli play a critical role in shaping behaviors, and that through reinforcement—whether positive or negative—individuals can learn to associate certain actions with specific outcomes. This perspective disregards innate behaviors or biological predispositions, aligning perfectly with the assertion that behaviors are learned and reinforced by one’s environment. Such a view marked a significant shift in psychology, focusing on measurable and observable aspects of human behavior as opposed to introspective methods.